“Autonomous nanoengineered machines can control their own mobility and include significant computational engines. These microscopic machines are beginning to be applied to commercial applications, particularly in manufacturing and process control, but are not yet in the mainstream. [By 2019.]”

Ray KurzweilThought Leader

Inventor, futurist and author of The Age of Spiritual Machines

By 2019 there were no autonomous nanoengineered machines that controlled their own mobility or carried significant onboard computation; commercial nanotechnology remained confined to passive nanomaterials, coatings and lab-stage devices, with none in manufacturing or process-control use.