“We will have plenty of humanoid robots fifteen years from now, but they will look like neither today's humanoid robots nor humans. And a lot of money will have disappeared, spent on trying to squeeze performance, any performance, from today's humanoid robots. But those robots will be long gone and mostly conveniently forgotten.”

Rodney BrooksResearcher

Panasonic Professor of Robotics (emeritus), MIT; CTO and co-founder of Robust AI

Fifteen years from the September 2025 essay puts the horizon at 2040.