“Humanoid robotics will see a lot of hype, but nobody will release anything to remotely as capable as Rosie the Robot. Motor control may be impressive, but situational awareness and cognitive flexibility will remain poor.”

Gary MarcusResearcher

Cognitive scientist, Professor Emeritus of Psychology and Neural Science at NYU

Humanoid-robot announcements and demos proliferated in 2025, including Tesla's Optimus, but no shipped system approached a general-purpose household robot; impressive locomotion and manipulation demos continued to coexist with brittle autonomy and heavy teleoperation or scripting.