“Overall, we conclude that power demand for frontier training will likely grow by 2.2x to 2.9x per year in the coming years, implying that the largest training runs will reach 4-16 GW by 2030.”
AI research institute; white paper with EPRI, 'Scaling Intelligence: The Exponential Growth of AI's Power Needs'
Said Aug 11, 2025Deadline Dec 31, 2030Epoch AI, 'How much power will frontier AI training demand in 2030?' (with EPRI), Aug 11, 2025
Largest known training runs were in the low hundreds of MW as of 2025; the 4-16 GW range resolves at the end of 2030.